什麼是大麻
印度大麻植物(Cannabis sativa),或是用其花、葉晾乾切碎後製成的生藥。有效成分是四氫大麻酚(THC)。亦稱鼻菸(pot)、茶(grass)、草煙(weed),長期用於鎮靜和止痛。西元前3世紀就已經在中國使用,西元500年傳到歐洲。如今大麻已在全世界廣泛使用,但是從1925年「國際鴉片公約」以來大麻的使用一般是違法的。其心理和生理效用,如中度興奮、視覺和判斷力的改變,會隨著效力、攝取量、環境以及使用者的經驗而變化。長期使用在生理上不gs-gymx-0.html" target="_blank" >會上癮,但是在心理上有可能略微上癮。大麻也可在醫學上用於治療青光眼、愛滋病以及化學療法所出現的副作用。大麻合法化的支持者提出,與酒精相比,大麻是一種良性藥物;反對者則認為大麻可以成癮並可導致吸食更為嚴重的毒品。雜湊什(hashish,一種迷幻藥)就來源於大麻的樹脂(大麻脂)。
marijuana
Indian hemp plant ([plant]Cannabis sativa), or the crude drug made of its dried and crushed leaves or flowers. The active ingredient is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Also called pot, grass, and weed, the drug has long been used as a sedative or analgesic; it was in use in China by the 3rd millennium BC, and had reached Europe by AD 500. Today it is used worldwide, though it has been generally illegal at least since the International Opium Convention of 1925. Its psychological and physical effects, including mild euphoria and alterations in vision and judgment, vary with strength and amount consumed, the setting, and the user's experience. Chronic use is not physically habit-forming but may be mildly psychologically habit-forming. Marijuana has been shown to be medically therapeutic for patients suffering from glaucoma, AIDS, and the side effects of chemotherapy. Supporters of legalization claim that it is a more benign drug than alcohol; opponents contend that it is addictive and leads to use of more serious drugs. A resin from the plant is the source of hashish.
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什麼是電子計算機X射線斷層成像
一種醫學影像診斷技術。用X射線對人體投射,經檢測器測定透射後的放射量,通過電子計算機處理,重建出人體斷層影象,並作出診斷。簡史1895年倫琴發現X射線後,X射線立即被應用於臨床診斷。為了克服影像重疊的缺點,從1914年起,先後有人採用X射線管與膠片作同步反向運動的方...
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什麼是石膏
常用清熱瀉火藥。始載於《神農本草經》。別名細理石、寒水石、軟石膏。為硫酸鹽類礦物硬石膏族石膏。石膏有軟、硬石膏兩種,中醫中的石膏為軟石膏。產地和性狀石膏多產於海灣鹽湖和內陸湖泊形成的沉積岩中,常與石灰岩、黏土、岩鹽伴生。中國的主產地是湖北、安徽...
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什麼是皮內針
用於淺刺埋針的小型針具。因針僅刺入皮內,故名。按其形狀可分為顆粒式、環式、撳釘式三種:(1)顆粒式。形似毫針,長7毫米或9毫米,針尾為金屬顆粒,常用直徑為0.22毫米或0.26毫米的金、銀或不鏽鋼絲製成。(2)環式。針尾呈環狀,長7毫米或9毫米,常用直徑0.26毫米的不鏽鋼絲製成...
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什麼是熟地黃
常用補血藥。別名熟地。始載於《本草圖經》。為玄蔘科多年生草本植物地黃Rehmanniaglutinosa根經加黃酒拌蒸至內外色黑而油潤,或直接蒸至黑潤而成(圖1)。因其色黃,質量下沉,蒸熟晒乾入藥,故名。產地和性狀中國大部地區均有生產,主產於河南孟縣、溫縣、武陟、博愛等...