什么是西维吉尼亚
美国中东部一州。平均海拔457公尺,是美国密西西比河以东最高的州。西维吉尼亚的最高处位於东部的斯普鲁斯峰(1,482公尺),最低处位於谢南多厄河和波多马克河汇合处陡峭岬角上的哈珀斯费里(75公尺)。土地崎岖不平,从丘陵到高山,没有广阔的平原。整个西维吉尼亚是阿帕拉契山系的一部分。西维吉尼亚州传统上在美国诸州中一直居於穷州的地位。该州有丰富的天然资源,煤是最有价值的矿物,同时还生产大量的石油和天然气。20世纪时旅游业是重要经济来源。原是印第安人居住地,1730年代白人殖民者进入该区,英国人在1750年代和1760年代从法国人手中夺得该区的控制权。西维吉尼亚原是维吉尼亚州的一部分,但是在1861年其大多不实行奴隶制度的人口投票反对退出联邦,因而与维吉尼亚分离。於1863年以新成立的独立州加入联邦,成为第三十五个州。面积62,758平方公里。首府查理斯敦。人口约1,808,344(2000)。
West Virginia
State (pop., 1997 est.: 1,816,000), eastern central U.S. It covers an area of 24,232 sq mi (62,760 sq km); its capital is Charleston. The Ohio River forms a large section of the upper western boundary, while the Potomac forms a section of the northern boundary. The Great Kanawha, Little Kanawha, Monongahela, and Shenandoah rivers cross the state. It contains the Appalachian Mtn. system, and is generally rugged land. The highest elevation is Spruce Knob (4,861 ft, or 1,482 m). long occupied by Indian hunters, it was home to the Adena, or Mound Builders, who left archaeological traces. They were succeeded by the Iroquois and the Cherokee. The first permanent white settlement was in the 1730s. The English controlled the region during the 1750s and 1760s. Though eastern Virginia was rapidly settled, the area's western rugged terrain restricted settlement there. After the American Revolution, largely nonslaving settlers moved west; they grew dissatisfied with the Virginia government. With the outbreak of the American Civil War, residents from western Virginia voted against the ordinance of secession in 1861. In 1863 it was admitted to the Union as the 35th state. Its industrial emergence, encouraged by railroad expansion, began in the 1870s when its natural resources, including coal and gas, contributed to the growth of the U.S. In the 20th century, recreation and tourism became economically important.
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什么是浸润
组织内侵入了异常的细胞或出现了正常情况下不应出现的机体细胞,以及某些病变组织向周围扩展的现象。在细胞内或间质中出现异常的物质、或原有的某些物质的堆积过多也称为浸润。有的变性或沉积也称为浸润。浸润大多为病理性的,但有时是为了治疗目的而人为的。它们...
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细菌引起的感染。包括医院外感染和医院内感染。引起医院外感染最常见的细菌为革兰氏阳性菌如金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌和革兰氏阴性的大肠杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌等;引起医院内感染的则多为有耐药性的金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肠球菌、克雷伯...
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由慢性肾功能衰竭导致的骨代谢病,表现为钙磷代谢障碍、酸碱平衡失调、骨骼畸形,并可引起继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进。肾性佝偻病常由慢性肾小球肾炎、慢性肾盂肾炎、肾结核、肾肿瘤、肾结石或先天性肾盂积水引起。由于肾小球遭到破坏,间质纤维化、肾小管萎缩、尿浓缩...
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什么是三叉神经痛
面部三叉神经感觉支分布区出现的短暂发作性疼痛。多发病于中年以上,40岁以上占70~80%,而70岁以上又逐渐减少。患者中女性多于男性,两者之比为3:2。多为一侧性,双侧受罹者在5%以下。以三叉神经第二支(上颌支)受侵犯者最常见,其次为第三支(下颌支),第二、三支同时患病者亦常见...