什么是历史编纂
指撰写历史。尤其首先要严格审查资料来源,然後从那些资料里择取特定的史实,再把它们综合成经得起批评的记叙文字。西方修史的传统自始就有两大趋势:一种认为历史是史料记录的积累,另一种则认为历史是解释因果关系的故事叙述。西元前5世纪希腊历史学家希罗多德以及後来的修昔提底斯强调在叙述当代发生的事件时必须要获取第一手资料。到了4世纪,基督教的历史编纂成了主流,他们的观点是:世界历史是神涉入了世人生活的结果。这个观点在中世纪盛行不衰,反映在像比得这样的史学家的着作中,人文主义以及逐渐世俗化的批判思想影响了早期的当代欧洲历史编纂。19和20世纪看到了科学历史的近代历史研究方法,以使用原始来源的资料为基础。现代的历史学家以描述过去的较完整的图画为目的,试图重新建立关於普通人的活动和实践的记录。在这方面法国的年监学派是有影响力的。
historiography
Writing of history, especially that based on the critical examination of sources and the synthesis of chosen particulars from those sources into a narrative that will stand the test of critical methods. Two major tendencies in history writing are evident from the beginnings of the Western tradition: the concept of historiography as the accumulation of records and the concept of history as storytelling, filled with explanations of cause and effect. In the 5th century BC the Greek historians Herodotus and, later, Thucydides emphasized firsthand inquiry in their efforts to impose a narrative on contemporary events. The dominance of Christian historiography by the 4th century introduced the idea of world history as a result of divine intervention in human affairs, an idea that prevailed throughout the Middle Ages in the work of such historians as Bede. Humanism and the gradual secularization of critical thought influenced early modern European historiography. The 19th and 20th century saw the development of modern methods of historical investigation of scientific history based on the use of primary source materials. Modern historians, aiming for a fuller picture of the past, have tried to reconstruct a record of ordinary human activities and practices; the French Annales school has been influential in this respect.
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悬车之岁是什么意思?
意思是:见“悬车之年”。成语名字:悬车之岁成语发音:xuánchēzhīsuì成语解释:见“悬车之年”。成语出处:清·梁章钜《归田琐记·七十致仕》:“若今日未及四十,早入仕途,则致仕之期,即不必以七十为限……故余两次引归,皆未及悬车之岁。”成语繁体:懸車之歲感情色彩:中性...
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先意承颜是什么意思?
意思是:同“先意承志”。成语名字:先意承颜成语发音:xiānyìchéngyán成语解释:同“先意承志”。成语出处:北齐·颜之推《颜氏家训·勉学》:“未知养亲者,欲其观古人之先意承颜,怡声下气。”成语繁体:先意承顔感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定语;指奉承上级成语结构...
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信口开呵是什么意思?
意思是:见“信口开合”。成语名字:信口开呵成语发音:xìnkǒukāihē成语解释:见“信口开合”。成语出处:元·尚仲贤《气英布》第一折:“你待要着死撞活,将功折过,你休那里信口开呵。”成语繁体:信口開呵感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、宾语、状语;指随口乱说成语结构:...
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无可奈何是什么意思?
意思是:奈何:如何;怎么办。不得已;没有办法。成语名字:无可奈何成语发音:wúkěnàihé成语解释:奈何:如何;怎么办。不得已;没有办法。成语出处:西汉司马迁《史记周本纪》:“太史伯阳曰:‘祸成矣,无可奈何!’”成语繁体:無可奈何常用程度:常用成语感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:偏正...