什么是直觉主义
荷兰数学家布劳尔(1881~1966)开启的数学思想学派。直觉主义坚决主张数学论轮的主要目的是心智的建构。直觉主义人士挑战许多数学最古老的定律,若没有建设性就不具数学意义。例如直觉主义人士在涉及无限集合的数学证明之中不容许使用排中律(参阅thought, laws of)。在後设伦理上(参阅ethics),直觉主义是一种认知论,坚持有客观存在的道德真理,用合理的直觉可以去理解,正如在数学上确认的一些不言而喻的真理。寇德华斯、摩尔(1614~1687)与克拉克(1675~1729)等人说明在事件与行动之间的恰当与否的道德判断是来自理智的直觉。伦理学的直觉主义由一些着名的思想家支持,例如普来斯(1723~1791);在20世纪则与普里查德(1871~1947)和罗斯的研究联想在一起。
intuitionism
School of mathematical thought introduced by the Dutch mathematician Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer (1881-1966). It contends that the primary objects of mathematical discourse are mental constructions. Intuitionists have challenged many of the oldest principles of mathematics as being nonconstructive and hence mathematically meaningless. For example, intuitionists do not admit the use of the law of excluded middle (see laws of thought) in mathematical proofs in which all members of an infinite class are involved. In metaethics (see ethics), intuitionism is a form of cognitivism that maintains that there are objective moral truths that can be known by a kind of rational intuition akin to that by which we recognize self-evident truths in mathematics. Ralph Cudworth, Henry More (1614-1687), and Samuel Clarke (1675-1729) asserted that moral distinctions arise from an intellectual intuition of "fitness or unfitness" between circumstances and actions. Ethical intuitionism attracted the support of a line of distinguished thinkers, including Richard Price (1723-1791); in the 20th century, it was associated with the work of Harold Arthur Prichard (1871-1947) and W. D. Ross.
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一反常态是什么意思?
意思是:一反:完全相反;整个儿相反;常态:平常的情态。完全和平常的态度相反。形容态度发生了极大的变化。成语名字:一反常态成语发音:yīfǎnchángtài成语解释:一反:完全相反;整个儿相反;常态:平常的情态。完全和平常的态度相反。形容态度发生了极大的变化。成语出处:郭澄...
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轩然霞举是什么意思?
意思是:像云霞高高飘举。形容俊美潇洒。成语名字:轩然霞举成语发音:xuānránxiájǔ成语解释:像云霞高高飘举。形容俊美潇洒。成语出处:南朝·宋·刘义庆《世说新语·容止》:“海西时,诸公每朝,朝堂犹暗;唯令稽王来,轩轩如朝霞举。”成语繁体:軒然霞舉感情色彩:中性成语成...
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洒心更始是什么意思?
意思是:犹言改过自新。成语名字:洒心更始成语发音:sǎxīngèngshǐ成语解释:犹言改过自新。成语出处:汉·王符《潜夫论·述赦》:“谋反大逆不道诸犯,不当得赦皆除之,将与士大夫洒心更始。”成语繁体:灑心更始感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定语;用于书面语成语结构:偏...
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毋翼而飞是什么意思?
意思是:比喻传播之迅速。成语名字:毋翼而飞成语发音:wúyìérfēi成语解释:比喻传播之迅速。成语出处:《战国策·秦策三》:“闻‘三人成虎,十夫揉椎,众口所移,毋翼而飞。’故曰,不如赐军吏而礼之。”成语繁体:毋翼而飛感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语;同“不翼而飞”成语...