什麼是泰瑞莎修女
Teresa (of Calcutta), Mother,原名Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu。
出生於阿爾巴尼亞的修女,天主教仁愛傳教會的創建人。她曾是一個雜貨商的女兒,後來前往印度成為修女。後學習護理,並遷入貧民窟行善。1948年泰瑞莎創建仁愛會以救濟盲人、老者、麻瘋病人、殘廢人和生命垂危者。1963年印度政府因其所為授予她「蓮花主」勛章。1971教宗保祿六世為泰瑞莎頒發第一屆教宗若望二十三世和平獎。1979年她又獲得諾貝爾和平獎。儘管泰瑞莎晚年患有心臟病,但是她還是繼續為窮人和病人服務,並申言反對離婚、節育和墮胎等。泰瑞莎的仁愛會在九十多個國家擁有數百個服務中心,約4000名修女及數百名法律工作者。後來在印度出生的諾瑪拉修女繼承了她的事業,泰瑞莎逝世兩年後宣佈她為聖人,教宗若望.保祿二世也發表特許公告對其加以讚揚。
1910~1997年
Teresa (of Calcutta), Mother
Albanian-born nun, founder of the Roman Catholic Order of the Missionaries of Charity. The daughter of a grocer, she became a nun and went to India as a young woman. After studying nursing, she moved to the slums; in 1948 she founded her order, which served the blind, the aged, lepers, the disabled, and the dying. In 1963 the Indian government awarded her the Padmashri (“Lord of the Lotus”) for her services to the people of India, and in 1971 Pope Paul VI awarded her the first Pope John XXIII Peace Prize. In 1979 she received the Nobel Peace Prize. Although in her later years she suffered from a worsening heart condition, Mother Teresa continued to serve the poor and sick and also spoke out against divorce, contraception, and abortion. Her order included hundreds of centers in more than 90 countries with some 4,000 nuns and hundreds of thousands of lay workers. She was succeeded by the Indian-born Sister Nirmala. The process to declare her a saint began within two years of her death, and Pope John Paul II issued a special dispensation to expedite the process.
-
什麼是新生兒
從娩出開始至出生後28天的嬰兒。這個時期稱為新生兒期。約90%以上的新生兒為正常新生兒,其他為低出生體重兒、早產兒、小於胎齡兒、過期產兒以及巨大兒等。正常新生兒通常指孕37~42周娩出的體重在2500~4000g之間,各器官發育相對成熟的足月兒。新生兒期的特點是嬰兒...
-
什麼是捏積
以手捏拿患者背部脊中線的推拿方法。又稱捏脊。多用於治療小兒疳積等病證。晉代葛洪《肘後方·治卒腹痛方》載“拈取其脊骨皮,深取痛引之,從龜尾至頂乃止,未愈更為之。”此是捏脊療法的最早文字記載。此法在歷代推拿著作中記述不多,但因其方法簡便,效果顯著,在民間廣...
-
什麼是脂溢性角化病
皮膚老化的一種常見表現。又稱老年疣、基底細胞乳頭瘤。多在40歲以後出現。最初為一境界清楚的淡褐色斑,約0.5~1.0cm大小,俗稱老年斑或壽斑。以後漸隆起,表面光滑或成乳頭瘤狀,有的表面還有一層油脂性的痂,損害的顏色從淺褐色至黑色不等。脂溢性角化可發生在皮膚的任...
-
什麼是活體組織檢查
對患者少量的病變組織或細胞材料進行的顯微鏡病理形態學檢查。簡稱活檢。是廣泛應用的診斷技術之一。取患者的小塊病變組織或體液或細胞(常用外科手術切取、鉗取或刮取、抽吸等方法獲得)。經過病理組織學方法或細胞學方法,製成薄切片,再在光學或電子顯微鏡下觀察,作...