什麼是有機耕作
用生物學方法施肥和防治病蟲害來代替化學肥料和殺有害生物劑的作物耕種方法。有機耕作法的支持者認為,化學肥料和殺蟲劑有害健康,且污染環境,不是良好的收成所必需。有機耕作法有意識地摒棄現代農業化學技術,起源於1930年代,由英國農業科學家霍華德爵士所採用。各種的有機物質,包括動物糞肥、堆肥、草皮、秸稈和其他作物殘留物,將其施用於田地,以便改良土壤結構和提高保水能力,並供給土壤養分,從而種植出富含養分的植物(相反地,使用化學肥料是直接給予植物養分)。病蟲害的生物防治是採取預防的方法,包括多種栽種、輪作和栽種抗病蟲害作物,並採用病蟲害整合管理技術。避免使用生物工程製造出的品種。由於有機耕作困難且耗時,因為有機農作物價錢較昂貴。有機農作物過去只佔美國農產品總輸出的極少部分,但近年來的銷售量已有大幅度的成長。
organic farming
System of crop cultivation that uses biological methods of fertilization and pest control as substitutes for chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which are regarded by supporters of organic methods as harmful to health and the environment and unnecessary for successful cultivation. It was initiated as a conscious rejection of modern agri-chemical techniques in the 1930s by the British agronomist Sir Albert Howard. Miscellaneous organic materials, including animal manure, compost, grass turf, straw, and other crop residues, are applied to fields to improve both soil structure and moisture-holding capacity and to nourish soil life, which in turn nourishes plants. (Chemical fertilizers, by contrast, feed plants directly.) Biological pest control is achieved through preventive methods, including diversified farming, crop rotation, the planting of pest-deterrent species, and the use of integrated pest management techniques. Bioengineered strains are avoided. Since organic farming is difficult and time-consuming, organically grown produce is expensive. Organic produce formerly accounted for a minuscule portion of total American farm output, but has seen a huge proportional increase in sales in recent years.
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僕僕道途是什麼意思?
意思是:奔走於道路。形容途中勞頓。成語名字:僕僕道途成語發音:púpúdàotú成語解釋:奔走於道路。形容途中勞頓。成語出處:清·嚴如熤《三省邊防備覽·策略》:“如客店必照例造報月一陳核,則僕僕道途,不勝其苦矣。”成語繁體:僕僕道途感情色彩:中性成語成語用法:作謂語;...
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燕巢衞幕是什麼意思?
意思是:《孔子家語·正論》:“衞孫文子得罪於獻公,居戚。公卒未葬,文子擊鐘焉。延陵季子適晉過戚,聞之曰:‘異哉!夫子之在此,猶燕子巢於幕也,懼猶未也,又何樂焉?君又在殯,可乎?’”後以“燕巢衞幕”比喻處境非常危險。成語名字:燕巢衞幕成語發音:yàncháowèimù成語解釋:《孔...
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一反常態是什麼意思?
意思是:一反:完全相反;整個兒相反;常態:平常的情態。完全和平常的態度相反。形容態度發生了極大的變化。成語名字:一反常態成語發音:yīfǎnchángtài成語解釋:一反:完全相反;整個兒相反;常態:平常的情態。完全和平常的態度相反。形容態度發生了極大的變化。成語出處:郭澄...
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以玉抵烏是什麼意思?
意思是:見“以玉抵鵲”。成語名字:以玉抵烏成語發音:yǐyùdǐwū成語解釋:見“以玉抵鵲”。成語出處:北齊·劉晝《新論·辯施》:“崑山之下,以玉抵烏;彭蠡之濱,以魚食犬,而人不愛者,非性輕財,所豐故也。”成語繁體:以玉抵烏感情色彩:中性成語成語用法:作謂語、定語;用於比喻句...