什么是伯林
Berlin, Irving,原名Israel Baline。
美国歌曲作家。出身俄罗斯犹太人唱诗班领唱人家庭,1893年全家移居纽约。伯林只受过两年正规教育,童年时是个街头卖唱和歌唱侍者。1907年发表第一首歌〈来自阳光义大利的玛丽〉;出版人员误把他的名字写为Irving Berlin。他不会读谱或写谱,全凭耳朵来学习和演唱。1911年写了〈亚历山大繁拍乐队〉一曲,立即在锡盘巷流行的繁拍风造成轰动。1919年创建伯林音乐出版社。一生约写了一千五百多首歌曲,包括〈噢,我多恨在早晨起床〉、〈总是〉、〈贴面而舞〉、〈正在丽池上演〉以及〈天佑美国〉。他还为《假日饭店》(1942)写了一首〈银色耶诞〉,这是有史以来最畅销的歌曲之一。伯林一共为十九部百老汇歌舞剧(包括《飞燕金枪》〔1946〕、《风流贵妇》〔1950〕)和十八部电影配过乐。享年一百零一岁。
1888~1989年
Berlin, Irving
U.S. songwriter. He was born to the family of a Russian Jewish cantor that emigrated to New York in 1893. With only two years of formal education, he worked as a street singer and singing waiter. His first published song, “Marie from Sunny Italy,” appeared in 1907; a printer's error named him Irving Berlin. Unable to read or write music, he learned and played by ear. In 1911 he wrote the great hit of Tin Pan Alley's ragtime vogue, “Alexander's Ragtime Band.” In 1919 he founded the publishing house Irving Berlin Music Corp. He may have written more than 1,500 songs, including “Oh, How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning,” “Always,” “Cheek to Cheek,” “Puttin' on the Ritz,” and “God Bless America.” His film scores include Top Hat (1935), Easter Parade (1948), and White Christmas (1954); his score for Holiday Inn (1942) introduced “White Christmas,” one of the best-selling songs of all time. Altogether Berlin wrote the scores for 19 Broadway shows (including Annie Get Your Gun, 1946, and Call Me Madam, 1950) and 18 films. He died at 101.
-
什么是浸润
组织内侵入了异常的细胞或出现了正常情况下不应出现的机体细胞,以及某些病变组织向周围扩展的现象。在细胞内或间质中出现异常的物质、或原有的某些物质的堆积过多也称为浸润。有的变性或沉积也称为浸润。浸润大多为病理性的,但有时是为了治疗目的而人为的。它们...
-
什么是细菌性感染
细菌引起的感染。包括医院外感染和医院内感染。引起医院外感染最常见的细菌为革兰氏阳性菌如金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌和革兰氏阴性的大肠杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌等;引起医院内感染的则多为有耐药性的金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肠球菌、克雷伯...
-
什么是肾性骨营养不良
由慢性肾功能衰竭导致的骨代谢病,表现为钙磷代谢障碍、酸碱平衡失调、骨骼畸形,并可引起继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进。肾性佝偻病常由慢性肾小球肾炎、慢性肾盂肾炎、肾结核、肾肿瘤、肾结石或先天性肾盂积水引起。由于肾小球遭到破坏,间质纤维化、肾小管萎缩、尿浓缩...
-
什么是三叉神经痛
面部三叉神经感觉支分布区出现的短暂发作性疼痛。多发病于中年以上,40岁以上占70~80%,而70岁以上又逐渐减少。患者中女性多于男性,两者之比为3:2。多为一侧性,双侧受罹者在5%以下。以三叉神经第二支(上颌支)受侵犯者最常见,其次为第三支(下颌支),第二、三支同时患病者亦常见...