什么是油橄榄
阔叶常绿乔木,学名为Olea europaea。产於亚热带,果实可供食用。希腊克里特岛在西元前3500年就已栽种食用油橄榄;闪米特人在西元前3000年也已栽种。古希腊和古罗马时代也用橄榄油。之後传播到地中海各国。今日油橄榄主要用於榨取橄榄油。其独特的风味和芳香以及有益健康的价值,因而闻名。近数十年在北美洲非常受欢迎。新鲜油橄榄极苦不能食,可用稀硷如灰汁将糖中和。油橄榄木樨科植物。木樨科为木本,含24属,约900种。原产於森林地区。除北极外分布於世界各地。热带和暖温带种类为常绿植物,而较冷的北温带种类落叶。梣属种类以硬木着名;许多属有园艺价值。丁香属、茉莉属、女贞属和连翘属。木樨科许多种类栽培以观赏其美观且芳香的花。
olive
Subtropical, broad-leaved, evergreen tree (Olea europaea) and its edible fruit. The edible olive was being grown on the island of Crete c. 3500 BC, the Semitic peoples apparently were cultivating it as early as 3000 BC, and it was used by the ancient Greeks and Romans, after which olive growing spread to all the countries bordering the Mediterranean. Today olives are grown primarily for olive oil, which has in recent decades become highly popular in North America, valued both for its distinctive taste and fragrance and for healthful properties that have become widely known. Fresh olives must be treated to neutralize their extreme bitterness before they can be eaten. The olive family (Oleaceae) comprises about 900 species in 24 genera of woody plants. Native to forested regions, members of the olive family grow worldwide except in the Arctic, as evergreens in tropical and warm temperate climes and as deciduous trees in colder zones. Ash trees yield hardwood timber; horticultural favorites include lilacs, jasmines, privets, and forsythia. Many members of the family are cultivated for their beautiful and fragrant flowers.
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什么是新生儿
从娩出开始至出生后28天的婴儿。这个时期称为新生儿期。约90%以上的新生儿为正常新生儿,其他为低出生体重儿、早产儿、小于胎龄儿、过期产儿以及巨大儿等。正常新生儿通常指孕37~42周娩出的体重在2500~4000g之间,各器官发育相对成熟的足月儿。新生儿期的特点是婴儿...
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什么是熟地黄
常用补血药。别名熟地。始载于《本草图经》。为玄参科多年生草本植物地黄Rehmanniaglutinosa根经加黄酒拌蒸至内外色黑而油润,或直接蒸至黑润而成(图1)。因其色黄,质量下沉,蒸熟晒干入药,故名。产地和性状中国大部地区均有生产,主产于河南孟县、温县、武陟、博爱等...
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什么是合成抗菌药
用化学合成方法制成的抗菌药物。主要包括磺胺类(见磺胺类药)、喹诺酮类、呋喃类等。喹诺酮类有别于磺胺和抗生素的一类抗菌药物,其化学结构中均有4-吡啶酮-3羧酸(见图)。这类药物的特点是:抗菌活性强;细菌对这类药物和其他类抗生素之间无交叉耐药性;对质粒介导的耐药...
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什么是杀虫药中毒
杀虫药进入人体引起的中毒。杀虫药是来自植物或人工合成用以杀灭农业害虫和卫生害虫的有机化合物。因为杀虫药对农业增产的效果十分显著,对控制多种传播传染病的媒介昆虫又非常有效,已成为城乡人民生产和生活的心需品。除剧毒杀虫药能引起人、畜中毒外,一些低毒杀...