什么是奴隶制
一个人被另一个人占有的状况。奴隶在法律上被视作财产或物件,并被剥夺自由人一般拥有的大部分权利。在各个大陆和几乎整个有记载的历史上都存在着奴隶制,尤其出现在能生产剩余产品的市场经济社会,在这种情况下,奴隶成为用於买卖的商品。希腊、罗马、马雅、印加和阿兹特克人过去都是奴隶制。美洲大陆的欧洲人16世纪开始从非洲贩运奴隶(参阅slave trade)。到19世纪中期,美国的奴隶已达到四百多万人,大部分在南方种植园工作,其身分受“奴隶法规”的限制。随着废奴主义的兴起,1833年英国废除了其殖民地的奴隶制,法国1848年也采取同样的做法。在美国,“解放黑人奴隶宣言”(1863)标志着奴隶制的正式废除。今天世界上的任何国家都不承认奴隶制。亦请参阅Dred Scott decision、Fugitive Slave Acts、serfdom、Underground Railroad。
slavery
Condition in which one human being is owned by another. A slave was considered in law as property, or chattel, and was deprived of most rights ordinarily held by free persons. Slavery has existed on nearly every continent and throughout most of recorded history. It typically occurs in societies whose economy is of a market type capable of producing surpluses: in that context the slave becomes a commodity who is bought and sold for profit. The Greeks and Romans accepted the institution of slavery, as did the Maya, Inca, and Aztecs. Europeans in the New World began importing slaves from Africa in the 16th century (see slave trade). By the mid-19th century, the slave population in the U.S. had risen to more than 4 million. Most worked on plantations in the South, their status governed by slave codes. Following the rise of abolitionism, Britain abolished slavery in its colonies in 1833; France did the same in 1848. In the U.S. slavery was formally abolished by the Emancipation Proclamation (1863). Today slavery is not legally recognized by any government in the world. See also Dred Scott decision, Fugitive Slave Acts, serfdom, Underground Railroad.
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无可比象是什么意思?
意思是:没有什么可与譬比。成语名字:无可比象成语发音:wúkěbǐxiàng成语解释:没有什么可与譬比。成语出处:宋·张君房《云笈七签》第71卷:“焕彻如寒霜素雪之状,又似钟乳垂穗之形,五色备具,无可比象。”成语繁体:無可比象感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定语;指没有...
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章句小儒是什么意思?
意思是:指不能通达大义而拘泥于辨析章句的儒生。成语名字:章句小儒成语发音:zhāngjùxiāorú成语解释:指不能通达大义而拘泥于辨析章句的儒生。成语出处:《汉书夏侯胜传》:“建所谓章句小儒,破碎大道。”感情色彩:贬义成语成语用法:作主语、宾语、定语;指书生成语结构:...
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野无遗才是什么意思?
意思是:见“野无遗贤”。成语名字:野无遗才成语发音:yěwúyícái成语解释:见“野无遗贤”。成语出处:《魏书·阳尼传》:“举贤良,黜不肖,使野无遗才,朝无素餐。”成语繁体:野無遺才感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作宾语、定语;指爱惜人才成语结构:偏正式成语产生年代:古代成语...
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隋侯之珠是什么意思?
意思是:隋:古国名。比喻珍贵的物品。成语名字:隋侯之珠成语发音:suíhóuzhīzhū成语解释:隋:古国名。比喻珍贵的物品。成语出处:《庄子让王》:“今且有人于此,以隋侯之珠,弹千仞之雀,世必笑之。是何也?则其所用者重,而所要者轻也。《淮南子览冥训》:“譬如隋侯之珠,和氏之璧...