什么是元朝
Yuan dynasty,亦拼作 Yüan dynasty,或称为蒙古王朝(Mongol dynasty)。
蒙古游牧民族在中国开创的朝代。成吉思汗於1215年进占中国北方,但直到1279年,忽必烈汗才控有中国南部。蒙古人在北京建立首都(当时称为大都)。他们重建大运河,其道路与邮驿站也维护良好。宋朝时还流通有限的纸币,在蒙古帝国时则已全国通用。天文学、医学和数学都有所进展;从东欧平原横跨大草原到蒙古、中国的蒙古帝国,贸易畅通。许多外国人(以马可孛罗最为着名)前往中国,也有许多中国人前往伊朗(Iran)和俄罗斯(Russia)游历,甚至远达西欧。中国憎恶蒙古征服者,因为蒙古的管辖体制对中国人采取不利的差别待遇(参阅Kublai Khan)。中国的艺术家则藉由隐退与转而表达自我,显示消极的抵抗。文人画广受欢迎;小说有所发展,也出现新的戏剧形式。自1300年起,蒙古人中对继承权的争夺,削弱了中央政府;经常爆发的叛乱,多半与如红巾的秘密会社互相联络。元朝於1368年被日後的明太祖所推翻。亦请参阅Ming dynasty。
1206~1368年
Yuan dynasty
orMongol dynastyDynasty established in China by Mongol nomads. Genghis Khan occupied northern China in 1215, but not until 1279 did Kublai Khan take control of southern China. The Mongols established their capital at Beijing (then called Dadu). They rebuilt the Grand Canal and put the roads and postal stations in good order. Paper money, which had had limited circulation under the Song, came to be used throughout the empire. Advances were made in astronomy, medicine, and mathematics, and trade was carried out throughout the Mongol empire from the plains of eastern Europe across the steppes to Mongolia and China. Many foreigners came to China (notably Marco Polo) and many Chinese traveled to Iran, Russia, and even western Europe. The Chinese resented the Mongol conquerors, whose governmental system discriminated against them (see Kublai Khan). Chinese artists demonstrated passive resistance by withdrawing and turning to personal expression. Literati painting became very popular; the novel developed, and new dramatic forms also appeared. Disputes over succession weakened the central government from 1300 on, and rebellions were frequent, many connected with secret societies such as the Red Turbans. The dynasty was overthrown in 1368 by the future Hongwu emperor. See also Ming dynasty.
-
武汉商学院是几本
武汉商学院是二本院校。武汉商学院是2013年经教育部批准在武汉商业服务学院基础上建立的普通本科院校,简称“武商院”,是湖北省第一批转型发展试点院校,由武汉市人民政府举办,业务主管部门是湖北省教育厅。位于湖北省武汉市,是湖北省第一批转型发展试点院校。学校始...
-
湖北理工学院是几本?
湖北理工学院是二本。湖北理工学院是一所经国家教育部批准成立的以工为主,工理结合,工、理、经、管、医、文、教、艺等学科门类协调发展的省属全日制综合性普通本科高等学校。湖北理工学院(HubeiPolytechnicUniversity)位于湖北省黄石市,是一所经国家教育部批准成立...
-
祝孩子生日快乐的句子
1、宝贝祝福的每一天都如画一样的美丽!生日快乐!2、愿你生命中的愿望都能得到实现!生日快乐!3、身体强壮,快快长大,越长越可爱哦。4、愿你的生日特别快乐,愿新的一年中心想事成!5、希望你身体强壮,快快长大,越长越可爱哦。6、生日快乐,儿子!无论你怎样妈妈为你而...
-
重振旗鼓是什么意思
重振旗鼓比喻失败后,重新整顿再起。该词出自于:清·湘灵子《轩亭冤·惊梦》:侬欲重振旗鼓,烦你拟篇男女平权文劝戒女子。意思是:想重新振旗鼓,麻烦你准备篇男女公平的文章,劝诫女子。例句:我深信我们在这样挣扎苦斗中所获得的极可宝贵的经验,对于将来重振旗...