什么是戈利钦家族
俄罗斯贵族家族,14世纪立陶宛大公格迪米纳斯(Gediminas)的後裔。该家族有三名成员在彼得大帝(彼得一世)统治期间扮演重要角色。瓦西里.戈利钦是彼得的摄政苏菲亚的首席顾问。鲍里斯.戈利钦(1654~1714)为宫廷大臣(1676)和彼得的家庭教师,1689年参与废黜苏菲亚、拥立彼得的政变,彼得在位初期所取得的重要成就都与他有密切关系。後来由於他在下窝瓦河地区的暴政引起一场大暴动,被彼得解除职务。季米特里.戈利钦(1665~1737)从1697年开始多次受彼得派任,但他反对彼得的改革,1724年辞去所有职务。1727年成为最高枢密院大臣,到1730年彼得二世去世前一直左右政治决策。彼得死後他要求最高枢密院把皇位授予安娜,但条件是把皇权转交枢密院。安娜起初同意,但後来发现帝国警卫军反对最高枢密院,於是趁机将枢密院解散。1736年季米特里.戈利钦以反对专制制度被捕,判死刑,安娜减为终身监禁。
Golitsyn family
Russian noble family descended from the 14th-century Lithuanian grand duke Gediminas. Three members played prominent roles as statesmen around the time of Peter I the Great (r. 1682-1725). Vasily Golitsyn was chief adviser to Peter's regent, Sophia Alekseyevna. Boris Golitsyn (1654-1714) was court chamberlain (1676) and Peter's tutor; he participated in the coup that placed Peter on the throne and was associated with the major achievements of Peter's early reign. Peter dismissed him after his despotic rule of a province in the lower Volga resulted in a major revolt. Dmitry Golitsyn (1665-1737) held several posts under Peter from 1697 but opposed Peter's reforms and in 1724 was deprived of all public duties. In 1727 he became a member of the Supreme Privy Council, which governed for Peter II until his death (1730). He urged the council to offer the throne to Anna Ivanovna if she would sign a set of conditions transferring crucial prerogatives to the council. She initially agreed, then dissolved the council. He was condemned to death (1736) for his antiautocratic beliefs, but Anna commuted his sentence to life imprisonment.
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枕善而居是什么意思?
意思是:谓守善不移。成语名字:枕善而居成语发音:zhěnshànérjū成语解释:谓守善不移。成语出处:北齐·刘昼《新论·慎独》:“故蘧瑷不以昏行变节,颜回不以夜浴改容……斯皆慎乎隐微,枕善而居,不以视之不见而移其心,听之不闻而变其情也。”感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓...
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朴斫之材是什么意思?
意思是:加工治理而尚未成器之材。成语名字:朴斫之材成语发音:pǔzhuózhīcái成语解释:加工治理而尚未成器之材。成语出处:晋·葛洪《抱朴子·博喻》:“肤表或不可以论中,望貌或不可以核能,仲尼似丧家之狗,公旦类朴斫之材。”感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作宾语;用于书面语...
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严家饿隶是什么意思?
意思是:形容拘谨的书法风格。语出《晋书·王羲之传论》:“献之虽有父风,殊非新巧。观其字势,疏瘦如隆冬之枯树;览其笔踪,拘束若严家之饿隶。”成语名字:严家饿隶成语发音:yánjiāèlì成语解释:形容拘谨的书法风格。语出《晋书·王羲之传论》:“献之虽有父风,殊非新巧。...
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毋翼而飞是什么意思?
意思是:比喻传播之迅速。成语名字:毋翼而飞成语发音:wúyìérfēi成语解释:比喻传播之迅速。成语出处:《战国策·秦策三》:“闻‘三人成虎,十夫揉椎,众口所移,毋翼而飞。’故曰,不如赐军吏而礼之。”成语繁体:毋翼而飛感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语;同“不翼而飞”成语...