什么是教育
发生於学校或类似学校环境中(正式教育)或大千世界里的学习,以传承社会的价值观与所累积的知识。原始文化中鲜少有正式教育,儿童从他们的环境和活动中学习,而他们身边的成人则扮演着教师的角色。在比较复杂的社会中,有较多知识必须传递下去,需要比较精致而足够的传承方式--学校和教师。正式教育的内容、持续性和受教者,随着文化和时代而有巨大的差异,因此产生所谓教育哲学(philosophy of education)。有些哲学家,例如洛克(John Locke),把个人视为一张白纸,可在其上书写知识;另一些哲学家,例如卢梭(J.-J. Rousseau),则把人性天赋状态视为本身可取,所以尽量不加以干预,这个观点常被非正统教育(alternative education)采用。亦请参阅behaviourism、Dewey, John、elementary education、higher education、kindergarten、lyceum movement、progressive education、public school、special education、teaching。
education
Learning that takes place in schools or schoollike environments (formal education) or in the world at large; the transmission of the values and accumulated knowledge of a society. In primitive cultures there is often little formal education; children learn from their environment and activities, and the adults around them act as teachers. In more complex societies, where there is more knowledge to be passed on, a more selective and efficient means of transmission—the school and teacher—becomes necessary. The content of formal education, its duration, and who receives it have varied widely from culture to culture and age to age, as has the philosophy of education. Some philosophers (e.g., John Locke) have seen individuals as blank slates onto which knowledge can be written; others (e.g., J.-J. Rousseau) have seen the innate human state as desirable in itself and therefore to be tampered with as little as possible, a view often taken in alternative education. See also behaviorism, John Dewey, elementary education, higher education, kindergarten, lyceum movement, progressive education, public school, special education, teaching.
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仆仆道途是什么意思?
意思是:奔走于道路。形容途中劳顿。成语名字:仆仆道途成语发音:púpúdàotú成语解释:奔走于道路。形容途中劳顿。成语出处:清·严如熤《三省边防备览·策略》:“如客店必照例造报月一陈核,则仆仆道途,不胜其苦矣。”成语繁体:僕僕道途感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语;...
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燕巢卫幕是什么意思?
意思是:《孔子家语·正论》:“卫孙文子得罪于献公,居戚。公卒未葬,文子击钟焉。延陵季子适晋过戚,闻之曰:‘异哉!夫子之在此,犹燕子巢于幕也,惧犹未也,又何乐焉?君又在殡,可乎?’”后以“燕巢卫幕”比喻处境非常危险。成语名字:燕巢卫幕成语发音:yàncháowèimù成语解释:《孔...
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一反常态是什么意思?
意思是:一反:完全相反;整个儿相反;常态:平常的情态。完全和平常的态度相反。形容态度发生了极大的变化。成语名字:一反常态成语发音:yīfǎnchángtài成语解释:一反:完全相反;整个儿相反;常态:平常的情态。完全和平常的态度相反。形容态度发生了极大的变化。成语出处:郭澄...
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以玉抵乌是什么意思?
意思是:见“以玉抵鹊”。成语名字:以玉抵乌成语发音:yǐyùdǐwū成语解释:见“以玉抵鹊”。成语出处:北齐·刘昼《新论·辩施》:“昆山之下,以玉抵乌;彭蠡之滨,以鱼食犬,而人不爱者,非性轻财,所丰故也。”成语繁体:以玉抵烏感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定语;用于比喻句...