什么是经济恐慌
经济学名词,指继市场崩溃後随之而来的银行大批倒闭、股票狂热投机的金融大混乱,或是经济危机所引起的或是预感危机到来的恐慌情绪。“恐慌”一词仅指金融市场强烈骚动的阶段,并不延伸到经济周期(参阅depression和recession)中整个下降时期。19世纪以前,经济起伏主要是与货物短缺、市场扩大和投机有关(参阅South Sea Bubble)。在19和20世纪工业化社会恐慌已反映出发达的经济日益增长的复杂性及其不稳定性的变化特点。1857年美国的经济恐慌是由於铁路部门不支付其到期债券以及铁路证券下跌而引起的。此次金融恐慌後果严重,它不仅导致多家银行倒闭,美国失业人数急遽增加,还给欧洲的金融市场带来恐慌。又如1873年恐慌,起源於维也纳和纽约的金融危机,它代表着全世界经济紧缩的开端。最严重的一次经济恐慌始於1929年美国的股市崩盘。亦请参阅Great Depression。
panic
In economics, a severe financial disturbance, such as widespread bank failures, feverish stock speculation followed by a market crash, or a climate of fear caused by economic crisis or anticipation of such a crisis. The term is applied only to the initial, violent stage of financial upheaval rather than the whole decline in the business cycle (see depression and recession). Until the 19th century, economic fluctuations were largely connected with shortages of goods, market expansion, and speculation (as in the South Sea Bubble). Panics in the industrialized societies of the 19th-20th century have reflected the increasing complexity of advanced economies. The Panic of 1857 in the U.S. had its seeds in the railroads' defaulting on their bonds and in the decline in the value of railroad securities; its effects were complex, including not only the closing of many banks but also severe unemployment in the U.S. and a money-market panic in Europe. The Panic of 1873, which began with financial crises in Vienna and New York, marked the start of a long-term contraction in the world economy. The greatest panic began with the U.S. stock-market crash of 1929 (see Great Depression).
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择地而蹈是什么意思?
意思是:选择地方行走。形容做事小心谨慎。成语名字:择地而蹈成语发音:zédìérdǎo成语解释:选择地方行走。形容做事小心谨慎。成语出处:《史记·伯夷列传》:“或择地而蹈之,时然后出言,行不由径,非公正不发愤。”成语繁体:擇地而蹈感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定...
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鲁卫之政是什么意思?
意思是:语出《论语·子路》:“鲁卫之政,兄弟也。”鲁是周朝周公的封国,卫是周公之弟康叔的封国,两国的政治情况也像兄弟一样差不多。因以比喻情况相同或相似。成语名字:鲁卫之政成语发音:lǔwèizhīzhèng成语解释:语出《论语·子路》:“鲁卫之政,兄弟也。”鲁是周朝周...
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掩人耳目是什么意思?
意思是:掩:遮盖。堵住人家耳朵;遮着人家的眼睛。比喻用假象迷惑;欺骗人。成语名字:掩人耳目成语发音:yǎnréněrmù成语解释:掩:遮盖。堵住人家耳朵;遮着人家的眼睛。比喻用假象迷惑;欺骗人。成语出处:《新刊大宋宣和遗事》:“事迹显然,虽欲掩人之耳目,不可得也。”常用程度...
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牛蹄之涔是什么意思?
意思是:涔:雨水。牛蹄印中的积水。形容水量极少。也比喻处在不能有所作为的境地。成语名字:牛蹄之涔成语发音:niútízhīcén成语解释:涔:雨水。牛蹄印中的积水。形容水量极少。也比喻处在不能有所作为的境地。成语出处:《淮南子汜论训》:“夫牛蹄之涔,不能生鳣鲔。”...