什么是香料与香草
各种栽培植物的乾制部分,内含芳香、辛辣、药用或其他人们所需要的物质。香料是热带、亚热带芳香或辛辣植物的制品,有小豆蔻、锡兰肉桂、丁香、姜和辣椒。香料籽包括茴芹、葛缕子、欧莳萝、茴香、罂粟科和芝麻。香草是墨角兰、薄荷、迷迭香和百里香等植物气味芬芳的叶片。在远古,香料和香草最主要的用途是制药、制造圣油和油膏,又可用作春药。也用作食物和饮料的调料,并抑制或遮掩食物变质。香料贸易(包括茶)在人类史上扮演着重要的角色。早期重要的贸易路线,包括亚洲与中东之间和欧洲与亚洲之间的路线,即是为取得外国香料与香草而形成的。15世纪时的探索之旅主要是因香料贸易而开始,17世纪时,葡萄牙和英属、荷属、法属东印度公司间为取得控制权而有激烈的战斗(参阅East India Company、East India Co., Dutch和East India Co., French)。
spice and herb
Dried parts of various plants cultivated for their aromatic, savory, medicinal, or otherwise desirable substances. Spices are the fragrant or pungent products of such tropical or subtropical species as cardamom, cinnamon, cloves, ginger, and pepper; spice seeds include anise, caraway, cumin, fennel, poppy, and sesame. Herbs are the fragrant leaves of such plants as marjoram, mint, rosemary, and thyme. The most notable uses of spices and herbs in very early times were in medicine, in the making of holy oils and unguents, and as aphrodisiacs; they were also used to flavor food and beverages and to inhibit or hide food spoilage. Trade in spices, including tea, has played a major role in human history. Important early trade routes, including those between Asia and the Middle East and between Europe and Asia, were initially forged to obtain exotic spices and herbs. The 15th-century voyages of discovery were launched largely as a result of the spice trade, and in the 17th century. Portugal and the British, Dutch, and French East India companies battled furiously for dominance (see British East India Co., Dutch East India Co., French East India Co.).
-
乌衣子弟是什么意思?
意思是:指出身贵族的年轻人。成语名字:乌衣子弟成语发音:wūyīzǐdì成语解释:指出身贵族的年轻人。成语出处:清·孔尚任《桃花扇·拒媒》:“水阁含春,便有那乌衣子弟伴红裙。”成语繁体:烏衣子弟感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作主语、宾语、定语;用于书面语成语结构:偏正式...
-
以佚待劳是什么意思?
意思是:见“以逸待劳”。成语名字:以佚待劳成语发音:yǐyìdàiláo成语解释:见“以逸待劳”。成语出处:《孙子·军争》:“以近待远,以佚待劳,以饱待饥,此治力者也。”成语繁体:以佚待勞感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定语;用于书面语成语结构:偏正式成语产生年代:古代成...
-
韫椟而藏是什么意思?
意思是:把玉裹在匣子里藏起来。比喻怀才隐退。成语名字:韫椟而藏成语发音:yùndúércáng成语解释:把玉裹在匣子里藏起来。比喻怀才隐退。成语出处:明冯梦龙《东周列国志》第58回:“两位将军,有些神箭,当奏闻吾王,美玉不可韫椟而藏。”成语繁体:韞櫝而藏感情色彩:中性成...
-
捧心西子是什么意思?
意思是:西子:春秋时越国美女西施。西子因心痛而捧心皱眉,仍然显得很漂亮。形容美女娇弱之态。成语名字:捧心西子成语发音:pěngxīnxīzǐ成语解释:西子:春秋时越国美女西施。西子因心痛而捧心皱眉,仍然显得很漂亮。形容美女娇弱之态。成语出处:战国·宋·庄周《庄子·...