什么是侵蚀
由自然营力将地表物质从地壳上除去并将这种被除去的物质从除去的地点搬走的过程。侵蚀由受风力、流水、海水(海浪)和冰川作用等引起的。侵蚀和堆积或沈积共同作用通过风、流水和冰的各种地貌作用过程改变现有地形创造出新的地形。侵蚀常在岩石通过风化(weathering)被瓦解或蚀变之後发生。流水是最重要的自然侵蚀营力。海岸的损坏或海岸侵蚀,主要是通过海浪的作用造成的。海浪侵蚀主要是通过海水的水压力和海浪拍击海岸的冲力,以及通过受海水无休止搅动的砂子和石砾的磨蚀完成的。河岸的侵蚀是由於带有沈积物的流水的冲刷所引起。冰川侵蚀主要以通过冰川从地上面磨过时对地表物质的磨蚀(大部分磨蚀作用可归因於冰川底层内嵌入的碎石)的方式进行。在某些乾旱的荒漠地带,风通过吹动沙子对造成岩石的侵蚀起着重要作用,所以,未曾黏结在一起的和未受植被保护的沙丘的表面就要遭到侵蚀并通过沙子的吹积而改变。人类的介入,无论是为了农业或放牧的理由而改变它的自然生长环境,都会造成或加速风和水的侵蚀。亦请参阅sheet erosion。
erosion
Removal of surface material from the earth's crust and transportation of the eroded materials by natural agencies from the point of removal. Erosion is caused by wind action, river and stream processes, marine processes (sea waves), and glacial processes. The complementary actions of erosion and deposition or sedimentation operate through wind, moving water, and ice to alter existing landforms and create new landforms. Erosion will often occur after rock has been disintegrated or altered through weathering. Moving water is the most important natural agent of erosion. Sea wave erosion results primarily from the impact of waves striking the shore and the abrasive action of sand and pebbles agitated by wave action. Erosion by rivers is caused by the scouring action of the sediment-containing flowing water. Glacial erosion occurs by surface abrasion as the ice, embedded with debris, moves slowly over the ground accompanied by the plucking of rock from the surface. Wind plays a key role in arid regions as blowing sand breaks down rock and dislodges surface sand from unprotected sand dunes. Human intervention, as by the removal of natural vegetation for farming or grazing purposes, can lead to or accelerate erosion by wind and water. See also sheet erosion.
-
艳绝一时是什么意思?
意思是:绝:极。姿色艳丽,冠绝一代成语名字:艳绝一时成语发音:yànjuéyīshí成语解释:绝:极。姿色艳丽,冠绝一代成语出处:唐·许尧佐《章台柳传》:“其幸姬曰柳氏,艳绝一时,喜谈谑,善讴咏。”成语繁体:艷絶一時感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语、定语;用于书面语成语结构:补充...
-
斗米尺布是什么意思?
意思是:指少量的粮食与布匹成语名字:斗米尺布成语发音:dǒumǐchǐbù成语解释:指少量的粮食与布匹成语出处:明袁宏道《碧晖上人修净室引》:“其一余不知名,亦不识面貌,每日以沉湎为工课。凡所得斗米尺布,尽以沽酒。”成语繁体:鬥米尺布常用程度:常用成语感情色彩:中性成语...
-
北戴河属于秦皇岛市吗
北戴河属于河北省秦皇岛市。北戴河区,位于北纬39°47′48″―39°53′17″,东经119°24′08″―119°31′58″,行政区面积112.45平方千米,下辖戴河镇、海滨镇、牛头崖镇和东山街道、西山街道,截至2018年末,北戴河区常住人口121950人。北戴河区于1898年被清政府辟为“...
-
谈议风生是什么意思?
意思是:见“谈论风生”。成语名字:谈议风生成语发音:tányìfēngshēng成语解释:见“谈论风生”。成语出处:清·蒲松龄《聊斋志异·青凤》:“生素豪,谈议风生,孝儿亦倜傥。”成语繁体:談議風生感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语;指人健谈成语结构:补充式成语产生年代:近代成...