什么是北马里亚纳群岛
美国在西太平洋的自治联邦(2000年人口约72,000)。由关岛北方二十二座岛屿组成(不包括关岛),延伸720公里,陆地面积约477平方公里。首府为位於塞班岛的查兰卡诺亚(Chalan Kanoa)。塞班岛、蒂尼安岛、罗塔岛为主要岛屿,其他有人居住的岛屿还有阿里马罕(Alamagan)岛和阿格里汉(Agrihan)岛。原住民是密克罗尼西亚人,其余为查莫罗人(Chamorro)和菲律宾人,帕甘岛上的居民在1981年火山爆发後已全部撤出。1521年被麦哲伦发现,1668年西班牙开始在此地殖民,1899年被卖给德国。1914年日本占领此地,1919年後成为国际联盟的日本托管地。第二次世界大战中这里有过激战,蒂尼安岛成为美国空军基地,轰炸广岛和长崎的飞机就是从这里起飞的。1947年成为联合国授予美国的太平洋岛屿托管地的一部分,1978年取得自治,1986年成为联邦的一州,居民全部成为美国公民。1990年结束联合国托管。
Northern Mariana Islands
Self-governing commonwealth (pop., 1994 est.: 46,000) in political union with the U.S., in the western Pacific Ocean. Composed of 22 islands north of Guam, the islands extend 450 mi (720 km) and have an area of 184 sq mi (477 sq km). The capital, Chalan Kanoa, is on Saipan. Saipan, Tinian, and Rota are the principal islands and, together with Alamagan and Agrihan, are inhabited. The indigenous people are Micronesian; other inhabitants are Chamorro and Filipino. Pagan was evacuated in 1981 after a volcanic eruption. The islands were discovered by Ferdinand Magellan in 1521. They were colonized by Spain in 1668. Sold by Spain to Germany in 1899, they were occupied by Japan in 1914 and became a Japanese mandate from the League of Nations after 1919. They were the scene of fierce fighting in World War II; Tinian was the base for U.S. planes that dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. They were granted to the U.S. in 1947 by the UN as a trust territory, became self-governing in 1978, and became a commonwealth under U.S. sovereignty in 1986, when its residents became U.S. citizens. The UN trusteeship ended in 1990.
-
什么是D-葡萄糖醇
又称L-山梨糖醇、L-古罗糖醇。为D-葡萄糖分子中的羰基还原而得的糖醇,分子式C6H14O6。广泛存在于蔷薇科属水果(梨、苹果、桃、杏等)中,这些新鲜水果通常含有D-葡萄糖醇5%~10%。此外,红藻含有D-葡萄糖醇13.6%(干重)。在生物体内它是D-葡萄糖和D-果糖之间酶促相互转化的重...
-
什么是威海市
山东省港口城市,省辖市,中国海防要地之一。位于胶东半岛东北端,三面环山,一面临海,港湾内水域广阔,外有刘公岛屏蔽,地势险要。辖1区及乳山县。面积5436平方公里,人口237.46万;其中市区面积408平方公里,人口25.74万。威海城区在明以前,为海滨渔村。汉称石落村。元改称清泉...
-
什么是阜平县
河北省保定地区辖县。抗日革命根据地之一。位于省境中部太行山东麓。面积2480平方公里,人口19.04万。县府驻阜平镇。金明昌四年(1193)始置阜平,治所在今县城。清康熙年间曾移治所王快,后移今治所。县境位于山区,山地约占3/4,山高坡陡,地势险峻,大部海拔千米以上,最高峰...
-
什么是再发新星
爆发变星的一种。一般认为再发新星和新星之间并没有严格的区别,只是有的新星在第一次爆发之后,经过数年或数十年,又发生第二次、第三次甚至更多次的爆发,所以就称这种新星为再发新星。按一般分类法划分的再发新星已发现十二颗。再发新星在银河系中的分布与新星相似...