什么是明治时代
Meiji period
日本历史时期,起自明治天皇(Meiji emperor)掌政,至其逝世告终。这是个急速现代化与西化的时代。封建领地被废除,取而代之的是地方县市;大名(daimyo)与武士(samurai)的特权也一并取消。并不是所有的武士都乐见这种改变,因此发生了多起叛变,其中最着名的是西乡隆盛(Saigo Takamori)所发起的那次。为了维护强而有力的中央政权,全国进行普遍徵兵而建立起一支国家军队。新的农业税制也被制定出来,以支撑新政府的财政,并引进十进位的流通币制。为了促进经济成长,政府对纺织工业伸出援手,建设铁路与船运网,并兴建钢铁工厂。同时也进行教育改革,实行强制性的男女同校义务教育。1912年时,明治维新的目标已大致达成:与西方列强的不平等条约重新签订,经济也蓬勃发展,而军事力量更赢得西方各国的看重。亦请参阅Charter Oath、Meiji Constitution。
1868~1912年
Meiji period
Period in Japanese history beginning with the restoration of the Meiji emperor and ending with his death. It was a time of rapid modernization and westernization. Feudal domains were abolished and replaced with prefectures; daimyo and samurai were relieved of their special privileges. Not all samurai were happy with the changes, and there were numerous rebellions, notably that of Saigo Takamori. To secure a strong central government, a national army was formed and universal conscription was enacted. A new agricultural tax was instituted to finance the new government, and a decimal currency was introduced. Eager to encourage economic growth, the government aided the textile industry, established railways and shipping lines, and founded an ironworks. Education was also reformed, and compulsory coeducational elementary schools were introduced. By 1912 the goals of the Meiji Restoration had been largely accomplished: the unequal treaties with Western powers had been revised, the country was developing well economically, and its military power had won the respect of the West. See also Charter Oath, Meiji Constitution.
-
风言醋语是什么意思?
意思是:散布嫉妒性的中伤语言。成语名字:风言醋语成语发音:fēngyáncùyǔ成语解释:散布嫉妒性的中伤语言。成语出处:汉·焦赣《易林》:“华言风语,乱相诳误。”成语繁体:風言醋語常用程度:常用成语感情色彩:贬义成语成语用法:作宾语;指中伤语言成语结构:联合式成语产生年...
-
计日程功是什么意思?
意思是:计:计算;程:衡量;功:成效。工作进度或成效可以按日计算。形容进展快;有把握如期完成。成语名字:计日程功成语发音:jìrìchénggōng成语解释:计:计算;程:衡量;功:成效。工作进度或成效可以按日计算。形容进展快;有把握如期完成。成语出处:梁启超《中国理法学发达史论》:...
-
胡思乱想是什么意思?
意思是:胡:乱;随意。不切实际;毫无根据地瞎想。成语名字:胡思乱想成语发音:húsīluànxiǎng成语解释:胡:乱;随意。不切实际;毫无根据地瞎想。成语出处:宋朱熹《朱子全书文》:“苦心未能静安,则总是胡思乱想,如何是能虑。”成语繁体:胡思亂想常用程度:常用成语感情色彩:中性成...
-
坚壁清野是什么意思?
意思是:坚壁:加固营垒;清野:将四野的财物清理收藏起来。加固营垒;清理收藏财物。成语名字:坚壁清野成语发音:jiānbìqīngyě成语解释:坚壁:加固营垒;清野:将四野的财物清理收藏起来。加固营垒;清理收藏财物。成语出处:晋陈寿《三国志魏志荀彧传》:“今东方皆已收麦,必坚壁清...