什么是抑郁症
一种神经性或精神性疾病,主要症状是悲伤、没有活力、有思维和注意力障碍、食欲大增或大减、嗜睡、感觉沮丧和没有希望,有时伴有自杀倾向。抑郁症可能是最常见的精神病,人类对此病的认识最早可追溯到希波克拉提斯(Hippocrates)的时代,他称之为“忧郁症”(melancholia)。患者的症状因人而异,病程可长可短,可轻可重,可急可缓。女性得病的机率较男性为高,男性的发病率随年龄的增长而增高,女性患病的颠峰期在35~45岁。病因可能包括心理(如失去挚爱的人)和生化机能方面(主要是正肾上腺素〔norepinephrine〕和血清素〔serotonin〕等单胺(monoamine)化合物的量减少)。治疗方法通常结合心理治疗(和药物治疗(参阅antidepressant)。一个人如果交替出现过度高昂或低落的情绪,则是罹患了躁郁症。
depression
Neurotic or psychotic disorder marked by sadness, inactivity, difficulty in thinking and concentration, a significant increase or decrease in appetite and time spent sleeping, feelings of dejection and hopelessness, and sometimes suicidal tendencies. Probably the most common psychiatric complaint, depression has been described by physicians from at least the time of Hippocrates, who called it melancholia. Its course is extremely variable from person to person; it may be fleeting or permanent, mild or severe. Depression is more common in women than in men. The rates of incidence increase with age in men, while the peak for women is between the ages of 35 and 45. Its causes can be both psychosocial (e.g., the loss of a loved one) and biochemical (chiefly, reduced quantities of the monoamines norepinephrine and serotonin). Treatment is usually a combination of psychotherapy and drug therapy (see antidepressant). A person who experiences alternating states of depression and extreme elation is said to suffer from bipolar disorder.
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闻风远遁是什么意思?
意思是:听到风声就逃之夭夭。成语名字:闻风远遁成语发音:wénfēngyuǎndùn成语解释:听到风声就逃之夭夭。成语出处:明·冯梦龙《古今小说·木绵庵郑虎臣报冤》:“贾似道打听得蒙古有事北归,鄂州围解,遂将议和称臣纳币之事瞒过不提,上表夸张己功。只说蒙古俱己威名,闻风...
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无所作为是什么意思?
意思是:作为:做出成绩。指工作中安于现状;缺乏创造性。成语名字:无所作为成语发音:wúsuǒzuòwéi成语解释:作为:做出成绩。指工作中安于现状;缺乏创造性。成语出处:宋朱熹《朱子语类》:“然黄帝亦曾用兵战斗,亦不是全然无所作为也。”成语繁体:無所作為常用程度:常用成语...
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毋翼而飞是什么意思?
意思是:比喻传播之迅速。成语名字:毋翼而飞成语发音:wúyìérfēi成语解释:比喻传播之迅速。成语出处:《战国策·秦策三》:“闻‘三人成虎,十夫揉椎,众口所移,毋翼而飞。’故曰,不如赐军吏而礼之。”成语繁体:毋翼而飛感情色彩:中性成语成语用法:作谓语;同“不翼而飞”成语...
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衔橛之变是什么意思?
意思是:指车马倾覆的危险。亦喻意外发生的事故。成语名字:衔橛之变成语发音:xiánjuézhībiàn成语解释:指车马倾覆的危险。亦喻意外发生的事故。成语出处:东汉·班固《汉书·司马相如传》:“且夫道清而后行,中路而驰,犹时有衔橛之变。”成语繁体:銜橜之變感情色彩:中性...